Precise Orbit Determination for the FY-3C Satellite Using Onboard BDS and GPS Observations from 2013, 2015, and 2017

Using the FengYun-3C (FY-3C) onboard BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) and Global Positioning System (GPS) data from 2013 to 2017, this study investigates the performance and contribution of BDS to precise orbit determination (POD) for a low-Earth orbit (LEO). The overlap comparison result indicates that code bias correction of BDS can improve the POD accuracy by 12.4%. The multi-year averaged one-dimensional (1D) root mean square (RMS) of the overlapping orbit differences (OODs) for the GPS-only solution is 2.0, 1.7, and 1.5 cm, respectively, during the 2013, 2015, and 2017 periods. The 1D RMS for the BDS-only solution is 150.9, 115.0, and 47.4 cm, respectively, during the 2013, 2015, and 2017 periods, which is much worse than the GPS-only solution due to the regional system of BDS and the few BDS channels of the FY-3C receiver. For the BDS and GPS combined solution (also known as the GC combined solution), the averaged 1D RMS is 2.5, 2.3, and 1.6 cm, respectively, in 2013, 2015, and 2017, while the GC combined POD presents a significant accuracy improvement after the exclusion of geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) satellites. The main reason for the improvement seen after this exclusion is the unfavorable satellite tracking geometry and poor orbit accuracy of GEO satellites. The accuracy of BDS-only and GC combined solutions have gradually improved from 2013 to 2017, thanks to improvements in the accuracy of International GNSS Service (IGS) orbit and clock products in recent years, especially the availability of a high-frequency satellite clock product (30 s sampling interval) since 2015. Moreover, the GC POD (without GEO) was able to achieve slightly better accuracy than the GPS-only POD in 2017, indicating that the fusion of BDS and GPS observations can improve the accuracy of LEO POD. GC combined POD can significantly improve the reliability of LEO POD, simply due to system redundancy. An increased contribution of BDS to LEO POD can be expected with the launch of more BDS satellites and with further improvements in the accuracy of BDS satellite products in the near future.     

A 3D indoor positioning system based on low-cost MEMS sensors

A positioning system in the absence of GPS is important in establishing indoor directional guidance and localization. Inertial Measuring Units (IMUs) can be used to detect the movement of a pedestrian. In this paper, we present a three-dimensional (3D) indoor positioning system using foot mounted low cost Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) sensors to locate the position and attitude of a person in 3D view, and to plot the path travelled by the person. The sensors include accelerometers, gyroscopes, and a barometer. The pedestrians motion information is collected by accelerometers and gyroscopes to achieve Pedestrian Dead-Reckoning (PDR) which is used to estimate the pedestrian’s rough position. A zero velocity update (ZUPT) algorithm is developed to detect the standing still moment. A Kalman filter is combined with the ZUPT to eliminate non-linear errors in order to obtain accurate positioning information of a pedestrian. The information collected by the barometer is integrated with the accelerometer data to detect the altitude changes and to obtain accurate height information. The main contribution of this research is that the approach proposed fuses barometer and accelerometer in Kalman filter to obtain accurate height information, which has improved the accuracy at x axis and y axis. The proposed system has been tested in several simulated scenarios and real environments. The distance errors are around 1%, and the positioning errors are less than 1% of the total travelled distance. Results indicate that the proposed system performs better than other similar systems using the same low-cost IMUs.     

植被生化组分定量遥感反演研究进展

植物生化组分的定量遥感研究不仅在生态系统、全球变化、碳、氮循环等科学研究方面具有重要意义,而且在指导农业生产、监测农作物长势和估产、分析农田水肥状况以及植被精细分类和森林火灾预警等诸多方面也具有重要意义。在对国内外相关工作对比分析的基础上,总结了植物生化组分定量遥感研究的发展过程.从经验分析方法、半经验分析方法、物理模型方法三个方面,综述了现阶段植被生化组分的反演方法及进展,重点阐述了各方法的优势与局限,并根据当前卫星遥感的发展趋势指出了植被生化组分反演的发展前景。     

Computational methods for Traditional Chinese Medicine: A survey

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been actively researched through various approaches, including computational techniques. A review on basic elements of TCM is provided to illuminate various challenges and progresses in its study using computational methods. Information on various TCM formulations, in particular resources on databases of TCM formulations and their integration to Western medicine, are analyzed in several facets, such as TCM classifications, types of databases, and mining tools. Aspects of computational TCM diagnosis, namely inspection, auscultation, pulse analysis as well as TCM expert systems are reviewed in term of their benefits and drawbacks. Various approaches on exploring relationships among TCM components and finding genes/proteins relating to TCM symptom complex are also studied. This survey provides a summary on the advance of computational approaches for TCM and will be useful for future knowledge discovery in this area.     

可扩展的地理信息服务质量综合评价模型研究

随着地理信息服务广泛应用,地理信息服务质量（Quality of Service,QoS）已成为服务应用能否成功的关键因素之一,然而如何合理评价地理信息服务QoS是一个复杂问题。在分析了当前地理信息服务QoS研究成果基础上,以3种不同的视角对地理信息服务QoS进行分类;建立了一种可以扩展QoS属性的综合评价模型,该模型能根据需求定义新的评价因子,并以模糊综合评判的方法量化了QoS的主观评判因子,从而实现了从主观、客观角度全面综合地评价地理信息服务QoS。对地理信息服务质量评价的发展思路和进一步的研究进行了探讨。     

Time and Space Fusion Model Comparison of Temperature Vegetation Drought Index

Drought is the first disaster affecting agricultural production. The annual precipitation in Xinjiang of China is scarce and the climate is dry. This is one of the major obstacles to the agricultural transformation and rural revitalization in Xinjiang. Therefore, timely and accurate monitoring of agricultural drought in Xinjiang is of great significance for safeguarding agricultural production. Yanqi Basin in Xinjiang was took as an example. Landsat8 and MODIS data were used. The Spatio Temporal Adaptive Reflectivity Fusion Model (STARFM), the Enhanced STARFM (Enhanced STARFM, ESTARFM) Model and Flexible Spatio Temporal Data Fusion (FSDAF) model were used to construct the Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI). At the same time, the Relative Soil Moisture (RSM) was used to verify the TVDI inversion results. The results show that coefficient of determination (R²) and root mean square error (RMSE) of the drought factors(NDVI and surface temperature) simulated by the ESTARFM model were better than that by the other two models. And the R² and RMSE of NDVI simulated by the ESTARFM model reached 0.924 and 0.076. In addition, the R² and RMSE of surface temperature simulated by the ESTARFM model reached 0.877 and 2.799. Comparing with TVDI of the real Landsat8 data inversion and RSM data, it was found that the TVDI simulated by the ESTARFM model is better than the other two models, with 0.873 of R² and 0.248 of RMSE. The ESTARFM model can more accurately simulate the TVDI distribution of the Landsat8 images in the same period, so as to monitor the drought degree of the farmland in Xinjiang.     

Torsional response of fibrous reinforced concrete members: Effect of single type of reinforcement

Studies on the torsional behaviour of reinforced concrete members in general and fiber reinforced members in particular are of interest to several researchers as torsional rigidity, torsional stiffness and torsional toughness of the members play a vital role in the analysis of structures subjected to Seismic loads and Wind loads. In the present paper an investigation of the behaviour of steel fiber reinforced concrete members having single type of reinforcement, viz., longitudinal reinforcement or transverse reinforcement, has been presented. Torsion tests on 10 reinforced SFRC members revealed that single type of reinforcement, either longitudinal or hoop reinforcement, can not improve the torsional strength of the member beyond the torsional strength of the plain member without any reinforcement. However, single type reinforcement improved the ductility of the member. Steel fibers improved the cracking torque of the members noticeably.     

线线空间关系描述的拓扑链模型

基于GIS数据库中线线空间冲突检测的需求,分析了线目标间空间关系精细化描述和计算模型.采用GIS空间关系理论,利用分解组合的思想,将拓扑不变量归结为局部拓扑关系及次序,并提出了一种将线线拓扑关系与序关系、度量关系集成描述的拓扑链模型.结果表明:该模型可以集成描述线目标间局部详细的拓扑关系、左右关系及相交角度、交点数量、交点距离、相交区域面积等度量关系,可以满足GIS数据库中的线目标间空间冲突检测的需求.     

基于超声图像的生物组织细微热损伤检测算法

基于超声的组织损伤无损检测在HIFU临床的推广与应用中具有重要意义.提出一种基于相关距离的快速算法,通过对辐照前后HIFU焦域位置超声图像进行二维亚像素级互相关分析,追踪超声图像的中特征点的位移及变化,从而对HIFU焦域位置生物组织的细微热损伤进行检测.结果表明,超声图像亚像素级相关分析矢量场可反映组织发生凝固性坏死的位置,其相关距离可以辅助探测组织束损伤程度.     

Polynomial time solution to minimum forwarding set problem in wireless networks under disk coverage model

In this paper, we consider a practical problem, called Minimum Forwarding Set Problem (MFSP), that emerges within the context of implementing (energy efficient) communication protocols for wireless ad hoc or sensor networks. For a given node v, MFSP asks for a minimum cardinality subset of 1-hop neighbors of v to cover v’s 2-hop neighbors. MFSP problem is also known as multi-point relay (MPR) problem. It is shown to be an NP-complete problem for its general case that does not consider the coverage characteristics of wireless transmissions. In this paper, we present two polynomial time algorithms to solve the MFSP problem under disk coverage model for wireless transmissions. In our earlier work, we presented a polynomial time algorithm for this problem under unit disk coverage model. In the current work, we present several observations on the geometric characteristics of wireless transmissions under disk coverage model and build two alternative dynamic programming based solutions with different run time and space complexities to the problem. Disk coverage model is a more general model because it allows nodes to use arbitrary power levels for transmissions. As a result, the presented algorithms provide a more practical solution that can be used as a building block for energy efficient communication protocols designed for wireless ad hoc and sensor networks.